Amplitude modulation is a process by which the wave signal is transmitted by modulating the amplitude of the signal. The transmission bandwidth required by dsb sc is b t2b. Physics notes form 4 free download kcse revision notes pdf. Both amplitude and phase of ft carry information of ft. The repetition of sound caused by the reflection of sound waves is called an echo. Notes on oscillations and mechanical waves periodic motion. The new amplitude of vibration is measured for each frequency. Amplitude modulation definition, types, solved examples. Communication systems the term communication refers to sending, receiving and processing of information electronically. Download pdf version of all available notes here gce. Cambridge international as and a level physics coursebook. We will start with periodic motion for the rst two lectures, with our speci c examples being the motion of a mass attached to the end of a spring, and the pendulum. The message signal is, for example, a function of the sound to be reproduced by a. Amplitude modulation is the process in which one modulating wave of low frequency are superposed with carrier waves of high frequency such that the amplitude of carrier waves changes in accordance with the amplitude of modulating waves.
Radio signals are produced by changing modulating the amplitude of a high frequency carrier wave according to the audio signal that is to be carried. It is prone to high levels of noise because most noise is amplitude. Physics communication systems part 1 introduction cbse class 12. In high level amplitude modulation system, modulation is done at high power of carrier and modulating signals so power amplifiers are used to boost the carrier and modulating signals before modulation. Amplitude modulation free download as powerpoint presentation. For a given transmitter power, the signal levels corresponding to different bits at the. The main difference between both modulations is that in frequency modulation, the frequency of the carrier wave is modified as per the transmit data, while in amplitude modulation, the carrier wave is modified according to the data. The booklet is not intended as a set of teaching notes. You must understand this key wave terminology to fully grasp this fascinating subject. This covers am and fm modulation, and the advantages and disadvantages of each. Essentially an amplitude modulated wave consists of a radio frequency carrier a sine wave at one frequency, typically in the radio frequency portion of the spectrum. Physics notes form 1 to 4 physics form 4, 3, 2, 1 notes. Wavelength, period, amplitude and phase difference a. Ive chosen down to be positive here or throw a stone upwards at 10 ms1.
Frequency the two variables in any electrical circuit is voltage, v, and current, i. The classical marconi radio used a modulation technique known today as. Book engineering chemistry by jain and jain tags amity university notes, amity notes, chemistry notes, applied chemistry chem101 notes, notes for amity university, download, view, pdf file, ppt, aminotes notes, previous year question papers, practical file, lab manual. In this video, i explain the key content you will need for your alevel physics communications module. Amplitude modulation is a very basic form of modulation, and although its simplicity is one of its major advantages, other more sophisticated systems provide a number of advantages. A level physics telecommunications a basic introduction sound waves microphones receivers and. In amplitude modulation, the amplitude signal strength of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to that of the message signal being transmitted. Physics communication systems part 1 introduction cbse. The amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are graphically shown in.
Amplitude is an important parameter of waves and is the maximum displacement of points on a wave. It amplifies specification topics with which teachers may not be familiar and should be used in association with the specification. Amplitude a is the maximum displacement of a particle of the wave from its equilibrium position. Frequency f is the number of waves produced per second.
Amplitude modulation am is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. In amplitude modulation am, the carrier wave has constant frequency. Accordingly it is worth looking at some of the disadvantages of amplitude modulation. Resources for top a1 candidates taking the 2020 singaporecambridge gce o level exam. Among the types of modulation techniques, the main classification is continuouswave modulation and pulse modulation. You can either make your notes directly on the site, or upload notes you typed up previously either way, just choose a descriptive title for what the notes are about, and use the box below. Modulation is the systematic alteration of the carrier wave so that. Period t is the time for one complete oscillation of the wave. Fully revised and updated content matching the cambridge international examinations 9702 syllabus for first examination in 2016. Significant expansion of realtime pcr multiplexing with. In frequency modulation fm it is the frequency of the carrier wave that is changed.
The frequency of vibration is once again varied from 0. All other selfstudy revision notes are also available for download, free of charge. This document is highly rated by class 12 students and has been viewed 3430 times. Chapter fifteen communication systems not to be republished. In electronics, all signals are in form of a voltage or a current, physically. A lens is conventionally defined as a piece of glass which is used to focus or change the direction of a beam of light passing through it. Amplitube 4 is a guitar and bass tone studio for macpc that works as a standalone application and as a plugin for your favorite daw. M the modulation amplitude and is the peak change in the rf amplitude from its unmodulated value. Pdf amplitude modulation of solar pmodes by surface. A continuouswave goes on continuously without any intervals and it is the baseband message signal, which contains the information. Period t is the time for one complete oscillation of. Amplitude modulation of solar pmodes by surface magnetic fields. A level physics telecommunications revision notes the. As will be explained later, there are several types of modulation, abbreviated as am, fm and pm.
It is often called as am and is commonly used in transmitting a piece of information through a radio carrier wave. He had various achievements during his student life. Eee 211 analog electronics lecture notes hayrettin. Using the equation above it can be seen that a modulation index of 0. Collector modulation method is the example of high level amplitude modulation. The frequency of the carrier signal is usually much greater than the highest frequency of.
Endorsed by cambridge international examinations, the second edition of the asa level physics coursebook comprehensively covers all the knowledge and skills students need for asa level physics 9702 first examination 2016. Information signal with carrier wave amplitude of carrier altered. A level physics telecommunications a basic introduction sound waves microphones receivers and transmitters amplitude modulation am frequency modulation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Amplitube recreates the entire guitarbass signal chain from instrument to recording device, and does so in a very realistic and intuitive way. The continuous wave modulation techniques are further divided into amplitude modulation and angle modulation. Lens are used in making spectacles, cameras, cinema projectors, microscopes and telescopes. Its frequency changes from 740 khz to 860 khz and back to 740 khz.
This guide should help teachers answer questions in class and extend brighter students. Amplitude modulation amplitude modulation is a process where the amplitude of a carrier signal is altered according to information in a message signal. The carrier wave is frequencymodulated by a sinusoidal signal of frequency 10 khz and amplitude 2. Isaac physics a project designed to offer support and activities in physics problem solving to teachers and students from gcse level through to university. Amplitude modulation definition, types, solved examples byjus.
The minimum distance from a sound reflecting surface to hear an echo is 16. A page of notes for every lesson covering the aqa physics a syllabus. The receiver where the audio signal is extracted from the modulated signal. Amplitude modulation am an am signal starts with whats called a carrier wave i. Pdf communication systems a lecture notes by mahesh. Amplitude modulation is mostly used in the form of electronic communication. All the audio information modulation is contained in both the upper and lower sideband, because of that, you can supress the carrier and one of the sidebands and. What is amplitude modulation, am electronics notes. Stated another way, amplitude is the vertical distance between a peak or a valley and the. Waves can pass through other waves, like ripples on a pond, with their combined amplitude the sum of the individual dispacements at any one time the principle of superposition.
It is the process of increasing the amplitude and consequently the strength of a signal using an electronic circuit called the amplifier. This principle is at the heart of amplitude modulation. Notes on oscillations and mechanical waves the topics for the second part of our physics class this quarter will be oscillations and waves. The basic theory and equations behind amplitude modulation are relatively straightforward and can be handled using straightforward trigonometric calculations and manipulation. The real time polymerase chain reaction rtpcr is an essential method for detecting nucleic acids that has a wide range of clinical and research applications. Maths tuition for every a level and international a levelcieedexcel module core c1c2c3c4, mechanics m1m2m3m4m5m6, statistics s1s2s3s4s5s6, further pure fp1fp2fp3fp4 and decision d1d2, and physics tuition for every as and a2 module and topic astronomy, forces and motion, electrons and photons, waves and oscillations. A level physics telecommunications linkedin slideshare.
The system simply required the carrier amplitude to be modulated, but more usefully the detector required in the receiver could be a simple diode based circuit. Wavelength, time period, amplitude and phase difference are. Electronics option of the aqa alevel physics specification. Communication systems physics notes for iitjeeneet. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are used to transmit data using the method of modifying a carrier signal. The process of retrieval of information from the carrier wave at the receiver is termed demodulation. We have to make some definitions in order to understand what these terms mean. Alevel physics 74083be paper 3 section b electronics please write clearly, in block capitals, to allow character computer recognition. Cbse ncert notes class 12 physics communication systems.
A lens is conventionally defined as a piece of glass which is used to focus or change the direction of a beam of light passing through it they are mainly made of glass or plastic. Download pdf version of all available notes here gce o level singaporecambridge notes. Coherence, path difference and phase difference are really important. Alevel physics revision notes 2015 scool the revision. Red, green, and blue plastic filters as you go through the various parts of this experiment, take careful notes in your lab notebook and label each part clearly by section number. Materials on this site may not be updated for the current syllabus. Free pure physics, chemistry, geography and social studies revision notes. Physics class 12 communication powerpoint presentation. The best physics as and a level notes, revision guides, tips and websites compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you. Trc10 is an amplitude modulation superheterodyne transceiver. Amplitude modulation am is a process by which the wave signal is transmitted by modulating the amplitude of the signal. Amplitude modulation am, is also called double sideband with carrier, so you end up with an upper sideband and a lower sideband either side of a constant amplitude carrier.